With India’s steel sector responsible for around 35% of industrial CO2 emissions, Tata Steel and JSW Energy are pursuing green hydrogen to produce low-carbon steel. The move could reshape one of the hardest industries to abate, but it comes with massive infrastructure and financing requirements. The question: can their roadmap scale across the sector?
The government has extended interest subvention benefits to micro and small iron and steel enterprises exporting 167 specified product categories. The move is designed to improve their access to credit amid global pressures and builds on an earlier export support package. Medium-sized units, however, will not qualify for this particular subsidy.
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India’s steelmakers are scaling up and shifting toward greener production, but a quieter bottleneck is emerging. Steel scrap—the key input for many mills—is getting harder to source and increasingly expensive. As demand rises with capacity targets, securing reliable scrap supply could slow projects, squeeze margins, and complicate the transition to low-carbon steel.
The government has amended pricing norms for low-grade iron ore types like Banded Haematite Quartzite and Jasper to push greater use. By adjusting prices, it hopes to curb wastage and improve resource utilization while making beneficiation financially viable, helping secure a steadier supply of iron ore for the steel industry.
The government’s December 30 safeguard duty on cheap steel imports offered a quick boost to domestic players like Tata Steel, JSW Steel and SAIL. But the momentum faded as a CCI probe alleged that major steelmakers may have colluded on pricing, raising the possibility that competition rules were breached. The industry now faces a “one step forward, two steps back” scenario.
As CBAM shifts from reporting to taxation in 2026, Indian steel exporters are staring down higher costs and tighter compliance. They must either cut emissions quickly, move into higher value products, or risk losing their most lucrative market. The transition pressure is mounting even as firms try to modernize production and reduce carbon intensity.
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As India scales up steel capacity, manganese—key to steel strength—is becoming harder to source reliably. Domestic ore supply is falling short, leaving imports vulnerable to price swings. The spotlight is on MOIL, India’s largest manganese producer, and whether it can expand output or secure supply fast enough to keep steel growth on track.
Global steel demand is forecast to grow only 0.3% in 2026, dragged down by China, even as India is expected to stand out in the demand rebound in 2027. Steel prices are still climbing due to higher raw-material costs, tighter supply, and geopolitical risks. Aluminium is gaining, while copper, zinc and nickel edge lower amid volatility.
India’s finished steel consumption grew 7-8% to about 164 million tonnes in FY26, powered by strength in infrastructure and manufacturing. Alongside demand, crude steel output increased by over 10.7% to 168.4 million tonnes, signaling momentum across the production chain and setting the tone for the year ahead.
Steelmakers are expected to post a major profit surge in the March quarter, backed by seasonal demand and a new protectionist measure. Analysts forecast higher steel prices and stronger volumes will offset rising coking coal costs. SAIL is projected to see the steepest profit growth, while improving India’s trade balance and steady domestic demand strengthen the sector’s outlook.
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